surface properties of a material are largely related to chemical species which are present at the surface. a very important surface property is its wetting behaviour, that is, how water interacts with the surface. one of the methods to quantify wetting behavior of a surface is to measure its contact angle. the contact angle is the angle at which a liquid/vapour interface meets the solid surface. superhydrophobicity is the idea of minimizing the wetting of a surface and has the potential for a vast and diverse range of applications. superhydrophobic surfaces are extremely difficult to wet and has contact angle >150º and sliding angle <10º. the two important parameters for fabricating superhydrophobic surface are surface roughness and surface energy. recently there is a great interest in the development of superhydrophobicity on a wide variety of surfaces. water is mainly responsible for corrosion problems on most of the materials. the maintenance of ship from corrosion caused by water costs million of rupees per year. the superhydrophobic coating would significantly prevent the materials from corrosion, fouling and reduce drag to a great extent. there is a wide range of superhydrophobic surface production methods already available but these are expensive and often require specialized equipment. the current challenge is to find the best approach to produce these useful products in a cost effective way. in this project, simplified production methods of coating are investigated for a ship hull with a focus on cheap chemical modification of common polymers to render them superhydrophobicity. this thesis focuses on the method of fabricating cost effective, environment friendly superhydrophobic coating of the waste expanded polystyrene foam and polyurethane system with nano additives. varied concentrations of coating were synthesized by dispersing different wt % of graphite nano powders (0-7 wt %) by using ultrsonication bath. effects of ultrasoncation time and bath temperature were studied to understand the dispersion. these synthesized formulations were coated on surface treated glass and mild steel substrate (meets specification as per is-2062 grade ‘a’ mildsteel with 0.23% carbon) at room temperature by spin coater and airless spray. this grade ‘a’ mild steel is the main raw material has been used by the ship building industry for the construction of warships. the coating thickness that ranged between 20-60 microns was measured using profilometer. contact angle of the formulation measured using an instrument goniometer, surface roughness and surface morphology coated layer were studied by using atomic force microscopy (afm) and scanning electron microscope (sem) respectively. the mechanical properties like adhesion strength, impact resistance, abrasion resistance, scratch resistance, tensile strength and elongation of film and corrosion resistance properties were investigated on the coated samples. the cost effective polyurethane/graphite coated samples showed better hydrophobicity, good mechanical properties and corrosion resistance properties. thus the composite coating finds effective application in marine ship underwater hull as top coat.
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