As per the eleventh five year plan document of india (2007-12), there are about 2.17 lakh regions in the country with more than half affected with excess iron, followed by fluoride, salinity, nitrate and arsenic in drinking water. majority of such cases are contributed due to unclean water supply and poor sanitation. early detection of chemical contamination in drinking water resources may save thousands of lives. most of the detection methods for water contamination are confined to laboratory due to its time consuming measurement procedure and the use of bulky instruments such as spectrophotometer in colorimetric tests. the rural and remote locations of our region are not connected directly to proper water quality monitoring facility. people from these regions are in high risk of serious health hazards due to unavailability of local laboratory support to detect chemical contamination such as fluoride contamination in their drinking water sources. water samples from these regions are usually sent to the central water quality monitoring laboratory and the process of estimating fluoride concentration is an in-efficient and time consuming process. to initiate any removal program one has to know the chemical contaminant present in the water in exact amount. even if the proper laboratory facility is available; it needs necessary expertise to handle the aforementioned testing tools. according to trai the total wireless subscribers in india is around 1034.25 million till april 2016 with 447.84 million are from rural areas and the remaining 568.41 million users are from urban areas (http://www.trai.gov.in/writereaddata/whatsnew/documents/pr-tsd-120315.pdf). the total population of india is estimated to be 1320 million till 2016; these data signifies that it is possible to find a phone with almost every individual in our country. in the present invention we are converting the smartphone into a laboratory grade low cost, robust and field portable water quality monitoring kit to detect and quantify water contaminants such as fluoride, turbidity and salinity. using the same kit all the color based water quality monitoring can be possible. we have used the illumination sensor or ambient light sensor (als) of the smartphone as a detector and its optical led flash as a light source to convert the smartphone in to a photometric sensor for its utilization in water quality monitoring. we have developed simple and user friendly android platform based application for real time detection and analysis. we have incorporated the visual gesture indication in the application so that people without any proper scientific knowledge can easily handle the kit. using the same application real time reporting and data sharing could be possible using the existing communication facility of the phone. salient features of the proposed sensor kit: the designed sensing system would be compact, light -eight and cost-efficient. the developed sensor would be very much useful for in-field sensing investigations by using the mobile network facility, in-field sensing data from remote locations can be shared in almost real-time environment with the central water quality monitoring laboratory. a smartphone can be operated by any person without the knowledge of any scientific or educational background. it is envisioned with the developed user-friendly smartphone application the designed sensor can be used by an inexperienced person. a laboratory grade spectrophotometer costs around rs. 1-2 lac, even water testing laboratory can’t procure this instrument due to the cost involvement. since a smartphone is available everywhere so using plastic lenses and low cost plastic material the net cost of the kit can be made as low as rs. 500/- which is affordable for an individual in our nation.
Date :11-10-2016
Video demonstration of smartphone based water quality monitoring kit
https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B1MeGgNdBfG8bGJpcS1sZkZ1a1U/view?usp=sharing
https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B1MeGgNdBfG8QlFOaHRZVEtZT3M/view?usp=sharing