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Hydrodynamic Cavitation For Treating High Volume, Low Dissolved Solids, Coloured Textile Industrial Effluent
Project Description :

The textile industries have great economic significance by virtue of its contribution to overall industrial output and employment generation. according to cpcb reports, there are 2324 textile industries in the country including composite and process houses. use of dyes and common salt for processing the textiles directly increase the colour and total dissolved solids (tds) level in the effluent. existing treatment methodologies like membrane processes used for reducing the tds are not environmentally and economically feasible solution. it creats concentrated sludge which is difficult to dispose off. therefore alternative technologies to remove these dyes without creating concentrated sludge are need of the hour. new technologies such as cavitation and advanced oxidation systems are effective in removing dyes from large volumes of effluents and are low in cost. . cavitation is a physical phenomenon associated with three aspects: formation, growth and collapse of vapor or gas-vapor bubbles within the body of a liquid due to variations of local static pressure. as a cavitation bubble collapses, there is a generation of an intense pressure and high temperature and may also result in shock wave. hence collapse of a bubble brings about several physical, chemical and biological transformations in liquid. these transformation reduces the total dissolved solids, metal ions and harmful micro organisms present in the untreated water. extensive studies (pandit et.al 2016, chakinala et al., 2008, dular et al., 2015) on hydrodynamic cavitation proves the effective removal of pharmaceuticals (clofibric acid, ibuprofen, ketoprofen, naproxen, diclofenac, carbamazepine), etc., following the work of bhandari et., al (2016) work on hydrodynamic cavitation treatment on pesticide wastewater, in this work a judicious combination of hydrodynamic and advanced oxidation process will be implemented to remove the colour and total dissolved solids present in the water either as a pretreatment for biological processes or post treatment for the reduction of dissolved solids present in the textile effluent. the energy efficiency of different combination of acoustic and hydrodynamic cavitation reactor setup were extensively worked by pandit and gogate research groups. they have proven that hydrodynamic cavitation reactors were more energy efficient as compared to sonochemical reactors. the equipment based on acoustic cavitation are less energy efficient and offer lower cavitational yields. reactors based on the hydrodynamic cavitation show a considerable optimization possibility due to the presence of multiple pressure oscillation frequencies present as turbulent and chaotic flow (depending on the geometry), unlike acoustic equipments, which operate at a fixed frequency. hydrodynamic cavitation has the twin advantage of greater energy efficiency and higher cavitational effects. moreover, the scale up of these reactors is relatively easy. so the hydro dynamic treatment method was chosen for the study. process pumps supplies the untreated water in the hydrodynamic cavitator. slots between the rotor and stator inside the hydrodynamic cavitator highly saturate water with oxygen from the air. due to local fluid pressure at a certain point falls below the value corresponding to the saturated vapour pressure at a given ambient temperature, the liquid passes into another aggregate state to form cavitation bubbles. due to the effect makes solubilization of most of dissolved substances in the initial water and partially removes the colour. in addition, due to the abundant oxygen saturation, dyes contained in the wastewater are oxidized followed by coagulation of water impurities. water from cavitator goes to the secondary settling tank for settling. this proposal tries to addresses the two main issues like colour and tds reduction present in the textile wastewater using a novel shock wave power reactor with rotor and stator arrangement.

 
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Project Details :
  • Date : Oct 30,2017
  • Innovator : Dr. Sivagami K
  • Guide Name : Dr. Indumathi M Nambi
  • University : Indian Institutes of Technology Madras
  • Submission Year : 2018
  • Category : Environmental Engineering
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