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Biodegradable Multiphase Composite Films For Food Packaging
Project Description :

The production of plastics has now reached a whopping 380 million tons per year. according to the european environment agency, only about 1% of the plastic currency is biodegradable. the increased levels of plastic create several environmental problems, which create a need to produce biodegradable polymers. this project aims to develop multiphase, degradable, food decay-resisting composite films with improved barrier properties at a laboratory scale and test film performance for food packaging. compatibility of the biofilms with food will also be checked. we will also focus on cost reduction, and after the lab synthesis, there is scope to scale up the synthesis to a bench-scale process to fulfil campus needs. biodegradable polymers like poly-lactic acid, polyhydroxyalkanoates (pha), polybutylene succinate (pbs), polybutylene adipate-co-terephthalate (pbat), etc., created from renewable sources exhibit several advantages over conventional plastics such as printability, and resistance to oil. still, its use is limited due to poor thermal, barrier and mechanical properties. these properties can be enhanced by blending it with other polymers and nanocrystals. one such bio-polymer is cellulose, and it can be extracted from plant cell walls or other waste residues in the form of cellulose nanofiber (cnf) or cellulose nanocrystal (cnc), depending on the treatment method. the elastic modulus of cnc is ~137 gpa (two orders of magnitude higher than the polymers), which can enhance the material's mechanical strength upon blending with biodegradable polymers. now, for sustainable food packaging, the barrier between oxygen and moisture is significant to increase the shelf life of the packaging material. this project's scope is to synthesize a robust packaging material to replace the commonly available plastic bags for vegetables and fruit on self-contained campuses like bits pilani with more sustainable options so that the harmful effects of plastics on the environment are reduced. the proposed packaging material will also increase the shelf-life of the fruit and vegetables kept in these bags due to the proposed oxygen and moisture barrier. also, the substances produced after the degradation of biodegradable polymers have the potential to enhance soil fertility, which will be helpful in areas where agriculture is dominant. reduction in plastic levels can also help save cattle and other stray animals that might ingest improperly disposed plastics and develop serious diseases. we also aim to increase awareness about the harmful effects of plastic usage and the importance of replacing it with biodegradable polymers. this approach also mitigates the significant drawbacks of using and disposing of plastics like improper waste management, low degradation rates, waste accumulation in water reservoirs and harmful chemical reagents, hence providing a natural, economical and biodegradable alternative to the customarily employed non-biodegradable plastics. a film extrusion process and solution casting method shall be employed to produce the polymer films. our aim here is to improve the mechanical properties, such as tensile strength, flexibility, and durability of the polymer, which will be tested for the best material—different methods like blending biodegradable polymers with additives or reinforcing agents like cellulose. the surface modification of cellulose will also increase its tensile strength. we will perform moisture and oxygen sorption studies on the material using a gas chamber to understand the barrier properties, such as resistance to moisture and oxygen. studies have also examined the environmental impact of biodegradable films compared to conventional plastics, considering factors like production energy, carbon footprint, and end-of-life considerations. we will compare the polymers currently in use and the polymer we create to understand their significant differences and how they impact the environment.

 
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Project Details :
  • Date : Nov 18,2023
  • Innovator : Khushi Chadha
  • Team Members : Khushi Chadha,Shreya Singhal,Ashi Sharma
  • Guide Name : Dr P C Sande
  • University : Birla Institute of Technology & Science
  • Submission Year : 2023
  • Category : Chemical Engineering
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